Solar panels, wind turbines, and electric vehicles dominate climate headlines—and for good reason. But a quieter wave of climate technology is maturing in labs and pilot plants, offering solutions to some of the hardest‑to‑abate sectors. From enhanced rock weathering to iron fuel, these innovations could help fill the gaps left by renewables and electrification. **Enhanced Rock Weathering (ERW)** One of the most promising carbon removal methods is also one of the oldest: letting rocks pull CO₂ from the air. Enhanced rock weathering accelerates a natural geological process by spreading crushed volcanic rock—basalt—on farmlands. As the rock breaks down, it reacts with CO₂, converting it to bicarbonate that washes into the ocean, where it remains for millennia. “ERW offers dual benefits,” says Dr. David Beerling, director of the Leverhulme Centre for Climate Change Mitigation. “It removes CO₂, and it releases essential nutrients like calcium and magnesium that improve soil health an...
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